Struct rocket::http::uri::Query

pub struct Query<'a> { /* private fields */ }
Expand description

A URI query: ?foo&bar.

Implementations§

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impl<'a> Query<'a>

pub fn raw(&self) -> &'a RawStr

Returns the raw, undecoded query value.

§Example
let uri = uri!("/foo?baz+bar");
assert_eq!(uri.query().unwrap(), "baz+bar");
assert_eq!(uri.query().unwrap().raw(), "baz+bar");

pub fn as_str(&self) -> &'a str

Returns the raw, undecoded query value as an &str.

§Example
let uri = uri!("/foo/bar?baz+bar");
assert_eq!(uri.query().unwrap(), "baz+bar");
assert_eq!(uri.query().unwrap().as_str(), "baz+bar");

pub fn raw_segments(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &'a RawStr>

Returns an iterator over the non-empty, undecoded (name, value) pairs of this query. If there is no query, the iterator is empty. Segments may be empty.

§Example
use rocket::http::uri::Origin;

let uri = Origin::parse("/").unwrap();
assert!(uri.query().is_none());

let uri = Origin::parse("/?a=b&dog").unwrap();
let query_segs: Vec<_> = uri.query().unwrap().raw_segments().collect();
assert_eq!(query_segs, &["a=b", "dog"]);

// This is not normalized, so the query is `""`, the empty string.
let uri = Origin::parse("/?&").unwrap();
let query_segs: Vec<_> = uri.query().unwrap().raw_segments().collect();
assert_eq!(query_segs, &["", ""]);

// Recall that `uri!()` normalizes.
let uri = uri!("/?&");
assert!(uri.query().is_none());

// These are raw and undecoded. Use `segments()` for decoded variant.
let uri = Origin::parse("/foo/bar?a+b%2F=some+one%40gmail.com&&%26%3D2").unwrap();
let query_segs: Vec<_> = uri.query().unwrap().raw_segments().collect();
assert_eq!(query_segs, &["a+b%2F=some+one%40gmail.com", "", "%26%3D2"]);

pub fn segments(&self) -> Segments<'a, Query>

Returns a (smart) iterator over the non-empty, url-decoded (name, value) pairs of this query. If there is no query, the iterator is empty.

§Example
use rocket::http::uri::Origin;

let uri = Origin::parse("/").unwrap();
assert!(uri.query().is_none());

let uri = Origin::parse("/foo/bar?a+b%2F=some+one%40gmail.com&&%26%3D2").unwrap();
let query_segs: Vec<_> = uri.query().unwrap().segments().collect();
assert_eq!(query_segs, &[("a b/", "some one@gmail.com"), ("&=2", "")]);

Methods from Deref<Target = RawStr>§

pub fn percent_decode(&self) -> Result<Cow<'_, str>, Utf8Error>

Returns a percent-decoded version of the string.

§Errors

Returns an Err if the percent encoded values are not valid UTF-8.

§Example

With a valid string:

use rocket::http::RawStr;

let raw_str = RawStr::new("Hello%21");
let decoded = raw_str.percent_decode();
assert_eq!(decoded, Ok("Hello!".into()));

With an invalid string:

use rocket::http::RawStr;

let bad_raw_str = RawStr::new("%FF");
assert!(bad_raw_str.percent_decode().is_err());

pub fn percent_decode_lossy(&self) -> Cow<'_, str>

Returns a percent-decoded version of the string. Any invalid UTF-8 percent-encoded byte sequences will be replaced � U+FFFD, the replacement character.

§Example

With a valid string:

use rocket::http::RawStr;

let raw_str = RawStr::new("Hello%21");
let decoded = raw_str.percent_decode_lossy();
assert_eq!(decoded, "Hello!");

With an invalid string:

use rocket::http::RawStr;

let bad_raw_str = RawStr::new("a=%FF");
assert_eq!(bad_raw_str.percent_decode_lossy(), "a=�");

pub fn percent_encode(&self) -> Cow<'_, RawStr>

Returns a percent-encoded version of the string.

§Example

With a valid string:

use rocket::http::RawStr;

let raw_str = RawStr::new("Hello%21");
let decoded = raw_str.percent_decode();
assert_eq!(decoded, Ok("Hello!".into()));

With an invalid string:

use rocket::http::RawStr;

let bad_raw_str = RawStr::new("%FF");
assert!(bad_raw_str.percent_decode().is_err());

pub fn url_decode(&self) -> Result<Cow<'_, str>, Utf8Error>

Returns a URL-decoded version of the string. This is identical to percent decoding except that + characters are converted into spaces. This is the encoding used by form values.

§Errors

Returns an Err if the percent encoded values are not valid UTF-8.

§Example
use rocket::http::RawStr;

let raw_str = RawStr::new("Hello%2C+world%21");
let decoded = raw_str.url_decode();
assert_eq!(decoded.unwrap(), "Hello, world!");

pub fn url_decode_lossy(&self) -> Cow<'_, str>

Returns a URL-decoded version of the string.

Any invalid UTF-8 percent-encoded byte sequences will be replaced � U+FFFD, the replacement character. This is identical to lossy percent decoding except that + characters are converted into spaces. This is the encoding used by form values.

§Example

With a valid string:

use rocket::http::RawStr;

let raw_str: &RawStr = "Hello%2C+world%21".into();
let decoded = raw_str.url_decode_lossy();
assert_eq!(decoded, "Hello, world!");

With an invalid string:

use rocket::http::RawStr;

let bad_raw_str = RawStr::new("a+b=%FF");
assert_eq!(bad_raw_str.url_decode_lossy(), "a b=�");

pub fn html_escape(&self) -> Cow<'_, str>

Returns an HTML escaped version of self. Allocates only when characters need to be escaped.

The following characters are escaped: &, <, >, ", ', /, `. This suffices as long as the escaped string is not used in an execution context such as inside of <script> or <style> tags! See the OWASP XSS Prevention Rules for more information.

§Example

Strings with HTML sequences are escaped:

use rocket::http::RawStr;

let raw_str: &RawStr = "<b>Hi!</b>".into();
let escaped = raw_str.html_escape();
assert_eq!(escaped, "&lt;b&gt;Hi!&lt;&#x2F;b&gt;");

let raw_str: &RawStr = "Hello, <i>world!</i>".into();
let escaped = raw_str.html_escape();
assert_eq!(escaped, "Hello, &lt;i&gt;world!&lt;&#x2F;i&gt;");

Strings without HTML sequences remain untouched:

use rocket::http::RawStr;

let raw_str: &RawStr = "Hello!".into();
let escaped = raw_str.html_escape();
assert_eq!(escaped, "Hello!");

let raw_str: &RawStr = "大阪".into();
let escaped = raw_str.html_escape();
assert_eq!(escaped, "大阪");

pub fn len(&self) -> usize

Returns the length of self.

This length is in bytes, not chars or graphemes. In other words, it may not be what a human considers the length of the string.

§Example
use rocket::http::RawStr;

let raw_str = RawStr::new("Hello, world!");
assert_eq!(raw_str.len(), 13);

pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool

Returns true if self has a length of zero bytes.

§Example
use rocket::http::RawStr;

let raw_str = RawStr::new("Hello, world!");
assert!(!raw_str.is_empty());

let raw_str = RawStr::new("");
assert!(raw_str.is_empty());

pub fn as_str(&self) -> &str

Converts self into an &str.

This method should be used sparingly. Only use this method when you are absolutely certain that doing so is safe.

§Example
use rocket::http::RawStr;

let raw_str = RawStr::new("Hello, world!");
assert_eq!(raw_str.as_str(), "Hello, world!");

pub fn as_bytes(&self) -> &[u8]

Converts self into an &[u8].

§Example
use rocket::http::RawStr;

let raw_str = RawStr::new("hi");
assert_eq!(raw_str.as_bytes(), &[0x68, 0x69]);

pub fn as_ptr(&self) -> *const u8

Converts a string slice to a raw pointer.

As string slices are a slice of bytes, the raw pointer points to a u8. This pointer will be pointing to the first byte of the string slice.

The caller must ensure that the returned pointer is never written to. If you need to mutate the contents of the string slice, use as_mut_ptr.

§Examples

Basic usage:

use rocket::http::RawStr;

let raw_str = RawStr::new("hi");
let ptr = raw_str.as_ptr();

pub fn as_uncased_str(&self) -> &UncasedStr

Converts self into an &UncasedStr.

This method should be used sparingly. Only use this method when you are absolutely certain that doing so is safe.

§Example
use rocket::http::RawStr;

let raw_str = RawStr::new("Content-Type");
assert!(raw_str.as_uncased_str() == "content-TYPE");

pub fn contains<'a, P>(&'a self, pat: P) -> bool
where P: Pattern<'a>,

Returns true if the given pattern matches a sub-slice of this string slice.

Returns false if it does not.

The pattern can be a &str, char, a slice of chars, or a function or closure that determines if a character matches.

§Examples

Basic usage:

use rocket::http::RawStr;

let bananas = RawStr::new("bananas");

assert!(bananas.contains("nana"));
assert!(!bananas.contains("apples"));

pub fn starts_with<'a, P>(&'a self, pat: P) -> bool
where P: Pattern<'a>,

Returns true if the given pattern matches a prefix of this string slice.

Returns false if it does not.

The pattern can be a &str, char, a slice of chars, or a function or closure that determines if a character matches.

§Examples

Basic usage:

use rocket::http::RawStr;

let bananas = RawStr::new("bananas");

assert!(bananas.starts_with("bana"));
assert!(!bananas.starts_with("nana"));

pub fn ends_with<'a, P>(&'a self, pat: P) -> bool
where P: Pattern<'a>, <P as Pattern<'a>>::Searcher: ReverseSearcher<'a>,

Returns true if the given pattern matches a suffix of this string slice.

Returns false if it does not.

The pattern can be a &str, char, a slice of chars, or a function or closure that determines if a character matches.

§Examples

Basic usage:

use rocket::http::RawStr;

let bananas = RawStr::new("bananas");

assert!(bananas.ends_with("anas"));
assert!(!bananas.ends_with("nana"));

pub fn find<'a, P>(&'a self, pat: P) -> Option<usize>
where P: Pattern<'a>,

Returns the byte index of the first character of this string slice that matches the pattern.

Returns None if the pattern doesn’t match.

The pattern can be a &str, char, a slice of chars, or a function or closure that determines if a character matches.

§Example
use rocket::http::RawStr;

let s = RawStr::new("Löwe 老虎 Léopard Gepardi");

assert_eq!(s.find('L'), Some(0));
assert_eq!(s.find('é'), Some(14));
assert_eq!(s.find("pard"), Some(17));

pub fn split<'a, P>(&'a self, pat: P) -> impl Iterator<Item = &'a RawStr>
where P: Pattern<'a>,

An iterator over substrings of this string slice, separated by characters matched by a pattern.

The pattern can be a &str, char, a slice of chars, or a function or closure that determines if a character matches.

§Examples

Simple patterns:

use rocket::http::RawStr;

let v: Vec<_> = RawStr::new("Mary had a little lamb")
    .split(' ')
    .map(|r| r.as_str())
    .collect();

assert_eq!(v, ["Mary", "had", "a", "little", "lamb"]);

pub fn split_at_byte(&self, b: u8) -> (&RawStr, &RawStr)

Splits self into two pieces: the piece before the first byte b and the piece after (not including b). Returns the tuple (before, after). If b is not in self, or b is not an ASCII characters, returns the entire string self as before and the empty string as after.

§Example
use rocket::http::RawStr;

let haystack = RawStr::new("a good boy!");

let (before, after) = haystack.split_at_byte(b'a');
assert_eq!(before, "");
assert_eq!(after, " good boy!");

let (before, after) = haystack.split_at_byte(b' ');
assert_eq!(before, "a");
assert_eq!(after, "good boy!");

let (before, after) = haystack.split_at_byte(b'o');
assert_eq!(before, "a g");
assert_eq!(after, "od boy!");

let (before, after) = haystack.split_at_byte(b'!');
assert_eq!(before, "a good boy");
assert_eq!(after, "");

let (before, after) = haystack.split_at_byte(b'?');
assert_eq!(before, "a good boy!");
assert_eq!(after, "");

let haystack = RawStr::new("");
let (before, after) = haystack.split_at_byte(b' ');
assert_eq!(before, "");
assert_eq!(after, "");

pub fn strip_prefix<'a, P>(&'a self, prefix: P) -> Option<&'a RawStr>
where P: Pattern<'a>,

Returns a string slice with the prefix removed.

If the string starts with the pattern prefix, returns substring after the prefix, wrapped in Some. This method removes the prefix exactly once.

If the string does not start with prefix, returns None.

The pattern can be a &str, char, a slice of chars, or a function or closure that determines if a character matches.

§Examples
use rocket::http::RawStr;

assert_eq!(RawStr::new("foo:bar").strip_prefix("foo:").unwrap(), "bar");
assert_eq!(RawStr::new("foofoo").strip_prefix("foo").unwrap(), "foo");
assert!(RawStr::new("foo:bar").strip_prefix("bar").is_none());

pub fn strip_suffix<'a, P>(&'a self, suffix: P) -> Option<&'a RawStr>
where P: Pattern<'a>, <P as Pattern<'a>>::Searcher: ReverseSearcher<'a>,

Returns a string slice with the suffix removed.

If the string ends with the pattern suffix, returns the substring before the suffix, wrapped in Some. Unlike trim_end_matches, this method removes the suffix exactly once.

If the string does not end with suffix, returns None.

The pattern can be a &str, char, a slice of chars, or a function or closure that determines if a character matches.

§Examples
use rocket::http::RawStr;

assert_eq!(RawStr::new("bar:foo").strip_suffix(":foo").unwrap(), "bar");
assert_eq!(RawStr::new("foofoo").strip_suffix("foo").unwrap(), "foo");
assert!(RawStr::new("bar:foo").strip_suffix("bar").is_none());

pub fn parse<F>(&self) -> Result<F, <F as FromStr>::Err>
where F: FromStr,

Parses this string slice into another type.

Because parse is so general, it can cause problems with type inference. As such, parse is one of the few times you’ll see the syntax affectionately known as the ‘turbofish’: ::<>. This helps the inference algorithm understand specifically which type you’re trying to parse into.

§Errors

Will return Err if it’s not possible to parse this string slice into the desired type.

§Examples

Basic usage

use rocket::http::RawStr;

let four: u32 = RawStr::new("4").parse().unwrap();

assert_eq!(4, four);

Trait Implementations§

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impl AsRef<RawStr> for Query<'_>

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fn as_ref(&self) -> &RawStr

Converts this type into a shared reference of the (usually inferred) input type.
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impl<'a> Clone for Query<'a>

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fn clone(&self) -> Query<'a>

Returns a copy of the value. Read more
1.0.0 · source§

fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)

Performs copy-assignment from source. Read more
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impl<'a> Debug for Query<'a>

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fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Formats the value using the given formatter. Read more
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impl Deref for Query<'_>

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type Target = RawStr

The resulting type after dereferencing.
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fn deref(&self) -> &<Query<'_> as Deref>::Target

Dereferences the value.
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impl Display for Query<'_>

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fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Formats the value using the given formatter. Read more
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impl Hash for Query<'_>

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fn hash<H>(&self, state: &mut H)
where H: Hasher,

Feeds this value into the given Hasher. Read more
1.3.0 · source§

fn hash_slice<H>(data: &[Self], state: &mut H)
where H: Hasher, Self: Sized,

Feeds a slice of this type into the given Hasher. Read more
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impl PartialEq<&RawStr> for Query<'_>

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fn eq(&self, other: &&RawStr) -> bool

Tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.
1.0.0 · source§

fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

Tests for !=. The default implementation is almost always sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
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impl PartialEq<&str> for Query<'_>

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fn eq(&self, other: &&str) -> bool

Tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.
1.0.0 · source§

fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

Tests for !=. The default implementation is almost always sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
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impl PartialEq<Query<'_>> for &RawStr

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fn eq(&self, other: &Query<'_>) -> bool

Tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.
1.0.0 · source§

fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

Tests for !=. The default implementation is almost always sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
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impl PartialEq<Query<'_>> for &str

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fn eq(&self, other: &Query<'_>) -> bool

Tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.
1.0.0 · source§

fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

Tests for !=. The default implementation is almost always sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
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impl PartialEq<Query<'_>> for Query<'_>

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fn eq(&self, other: &Query<'_>) -> bool

Tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.
1.0.0 · source§

fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

Tests for !=. The default implementation is almost always sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
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impl PartialEq<Query<'_>> for RawStr

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fn eq(&self, other: &Query<'_>) -> bool

Tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.
1.0.0 · source§

fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

Tests for !=. The default implementation is almost always sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
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impl PartialEq<Query<'_>> for str

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fn eq(&self, other: &Query<'_>) -> bool

Tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.
1.0.0 · source§

fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

Tests for !=. The default implementation is almost always sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
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impl PartialEq<RawStr> for Query<'_>

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fn eq(&self, other: &RawStr) -> bool

Tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.
1.0.0 · source§

fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

Tests for !=. The default implementation is almost always sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
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impl PartialEq<str> for Query<'_>

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fn eq(&self, other: &str) -> bool

Tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.
1.0.0 · source§

fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

Tests for !=. The default implementation is almost always sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
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impl<'a> Copy for Query<'a>

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impl Eq for Query<'_>

Auto Trait Implementations§

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impl<'a> Freeze for Query<'a>

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impl<'a> !RefUnwindSafe for Query<'a>

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impl<'a> Send for Query<'a>

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impl<'a> Sync for Query<'a>

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impl<'a> Unpin for Query<'a>

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impl<'a> !UnwindSafe for Query<'a>

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impl<T> Any for T
where T: 'static + ?Sized,

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fn type_id(&self) -> TypeId

Gets the TypeId of self. Read more
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where T: 'a,

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fn explicit(self, class: Class, tag: u32) -> TaggedParser<'a, Explicit, Self>

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impl<'a, T> AsTaggedImplicit<'a> for T
where T: 'a,

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fn implicit( self, class: Class, constructed: bool, tag: u32, ) -> TaggedParser<'a, Implicit, Self>

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impl<T> Borrow<T> for T
where T: ?Sized,

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fn borrow(&self) -> &T

Immutably borrows from an owned value. Read more
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impl<T> BorrowMut<T> for T
where T: ?Sized,

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fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut T

Mutably borrows from an owned value. Read more
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impl<T> CloneToUninit for T
where T: Clone,

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unsafe fn clone_to_uninit(&self, dst: *mut T)

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (clone_to_uninit)
Performs copy-assignment from self to dst. Read more
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impl<Q, K> Equivalent<K> for Q
where Q: Eq + ?Sized, K: Borrow<Q> + ?Sized,

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fn equivalent(&self, key: &K) -> bool

Checks if this value is equivalent to the given key. Read more
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impl<Q, K> Equivalent<K> for Q
where Q: Eq + ?Sized, K: Borrow<Q> + ?Sized,

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fn equivalent(&self, key: &K) -> bool

Compare self to key and return true if they are equal.
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impl<T> From<T> for T

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fn from(t: T) -> T

Returns the argument unchanged.

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fn instrument(self, span: Span) -> Instrumented<Self>

Instruments this type with the provided Span, returning an Instrumented wrapper. Read more
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fn in_current_span(self) -> Instrumented<Self>

Instruments this type with the current Span, returning an Instrumented wrapper. Read more
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impl<T, U> Into<U> for T
where U: From<T>,

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fn into(self) -> U

Calls U::from(self).

That is, this conversion is whatever the implementation of From<T> for U chooses to do.

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Converts self into a collection.
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fn into_either(self, into_left: bool) -> Either<Self, Self>

Converts self into a Left variant of Either<Self, Self> if into_left is true. Converts self into a Right variant of Either<Self, Self> otherwise. Read more
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fn into_either_with<F>(self, into_left: F) -> Either<Self, Self>
where F: FnOnce(&Self) -> bool,

Converts self into a Left variant of Either<Self, Self> if into_left(&self) returns true. Converts self into a Right variant of Either<Self, Self> otherwise. Read more
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Returns a styled value derived from self with the foreground set to value.

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Set foreground color to white using fg():

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Set foreground color to white using white().

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Returns self with the fg() set to Color::BrightCyan.

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Returns self with the fg() set to Color::BrightWhite.

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Returns a styled value derived from self with the background set to value.

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Returns self with the bg() set to Color::Primary.

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Returns self with the bg() set to Color::Rgb.

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Returns self with the bg() set to Color::Black.

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Returns self with the bg() set to Color::Red.

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Returns self with the bg() set to Color::Green.

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Returns self with the bg() set to Color::Yellow.

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Returns self with the bg() set to Color::Blue.

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Returns self with the bg() set to Color::Magenta.

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Returns self with the bg() set to Color::Cyan.

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Returns self with the bg() set to Color::White.

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fn on_bright_black(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the bg() set to Color::BrightBlack.

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Returns self with the bg() set to Color::BrightRed.

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Returns self with the bg() set to Color::BrightGreen.

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Returns self with the bg() set to Color::BrightYellow.

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Returns self with the bg() set to Color::BrightBlue.

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fn on_bright_magenta(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the bg() set to Color::BrightMagenta.

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fn on_bright_cyan(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the bg() set to Color::BrightCyan.

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fn on_bright_white(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the bg() set to Color::BrightWhite.

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fn attr(&self, value: Attribute) -> Painted<&T>

Enables the styling Attribute value.

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Make text bold using using bold().

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Returns self with the attr() set to Attribute::Bold.

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Returns self with the attr() set to Attribute::Dim.

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Returns self with the attr() set to Attribute::Italic.

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Returns self with the attr() set to Attribute::Underline.

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Returns self with the attr() set to Attribute::RapidBlink.

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fn invert(&self) -> Painted<&T>

Returns self with the attr() set to Attribute::Invert.

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Returns self with the attr() set to Attribute::Conceal.

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Returns self with the attr() set to Attribute::Strike.

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Enables the yansi Quirk value.

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Enable wrapping using wrap().

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Returns self with the quirk() set to Quirk::Mask.

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Returns self with the quirk() set to Quirk::Wrap.

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Returns self with the quirk() set to Quirk::Linger.

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fn clear(&self) -> Painted<&T>

👎Deprecated since 1.0.1: renamed to resetting() due to conflicts with Vec::clear(). The clear() method will be removed in a future release.

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Returns self with the quirk() set to Quirk::Resetting.

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Returns self with the quirk() set to Quirk::Bright.

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Returns self with the quirk() set to Quirk::OnBright.

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fn whenever(&self, value: Condition) -> Painted<&T>

Conditionally enable styling based on whether the Condition value applies. Replaces any previous condition.

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Enable styling painted only when both stdout and stderr are TTYs:

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fn new(self) -> Painted<Self>
where Self: Sized,

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